{"id":1794,"date":"2019-04-02T17:02:16","date_gmt":"2019-04-02T21:02:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hedgehogsandfoxes.org\/?page_id=1794"},"modified":"2019-04-08T23:40:59","modified_gmt":"2019-04-09T03:40:59","slug":"alexis-de-tocqueville-historical-thought-and-philosophy-of-history","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/hedgehogsandfoxes.org\/index.php\/alexis-de-tocqueville-historical-thought-and-philosophy-of-history\/","title":{"rendered":"Alexis de Tocqueville: Historical Thought and Philosophy of History"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/hedgehogsandfoxes.org\/index.php\/alexis-de-tocqueville-a-comprehensive-bibliography\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Back to the Table of Contents<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Historical Thought and Philosophy of History<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The regime which is destroyed by a revolution is almost always an improvement on its immediate predecessor, and experience teaches that the&nbsp;most critical moment for bad governments is the one&nbsp; which witnesses their first steps toward reform.<\/p>\n<p><u>The Old Regime and the French Revolution<\/u>&nbsp;(Harper &amp; Brothers, 1856) at 214.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aron, Raymond,&nbsp;<u>Les grandes doctrines de sociologie historique<\/u>. Tome I, Montesquieu, Auguste Comte, Karl Marx, Alexis de Tocqueville, les sociologues et la revolution de 1848 (Paris: Centre de documentation universitaire, 1961)(Les cours de Sorbonne. Sociologie).&nbsp;<em>Includes Montesquieu, Comte, Marx, Tocqueville, les sociologues et la revolution de 1848.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aron, Raymond,&nbsp;<em>Id\u00e9es politiques et vision historique de Tocqueville,<\/em>&nbsp;10(3)&nbsp;<u>Revue fran<\/u><u>\u00e7aise de science politique&nbsp;<\/u>&#8212; (september 1960).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bass, Thomas Alden,&nbsp;<u>Fiction and History: Essays on the Novels of Flaubert, Garcia Marquez, Coover, and Pynchon<\/u>&nbsp;(Dissertation, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1980). Includes analysis and discussion of Tocqueville&#8217;s&nbsp;<u>Recollections<\/u>, Marx&#8217;s&nbsp;<u>Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte<\/u>&nbsp;and Flaubert&#8217;s&nbsp;<u>L&#8217;education sentimentale<\/u>&nbsp;as descriptions of the Revolution of 1848.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Beno\u00eet, Jean-Louis,&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/classiques.uqac.ca\/contemporains\/benoit_jean_louis\/tocqueville_et_la_normandie\/tocqueville_et_la_normandie_texte.html\">Tocqueville et la Normandie<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bergin, Martin J., Jr.,&nbsp;<u>Tocqueville as Historian: An Examination of the Influences on His Thought and His Approach to History<\/u>&nbsp;(Dissertation, Georgetown University, 1985). Two volumes.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Borie, Jean,&nbsp;<em>Chateaubriand, Tocqueville et la modernit\u00e9<\/em>, in&nbsp;<u>Amicitia Scriptor. Litt\u00e9rature, Histoire des id\u00e9es, Philosophie. M\u00e9langes offerts \u00e0 Robert Mauzi<\/u>&nbsp;(Annie Becq, CHarles Porset, and Alain Mothu eds.; Paris: Honor\u00e9 Champion, 1998)(Champion-varia; 15).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Brint, Michael E.,&nbsp;<em>Response to M. Lavroff<\/em>, 10&nbsp;<u>Tocqueville Review<\/u>&nbsp;245-248 (1989\/1990). Reply to Dmitri Georges Lavroff,&nbsp;<em>Les revolutions americaine et fran\u00e7aise dans l&#8217;oeuvre de Tocqueville<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Brogan, Hugh,&nbsp;<em>Alexis de Tocqueville and the Coming of the American Civil War<\/em>, in&nbsp;<u>American Studies: Essays in Honour of Marcus Cunliffe<\/u>&nbsp;83-104 (Brian Holden Reid and John White, eds.; NY: St. Martin&#8217;s Press, 1991).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Brown, Irene Coltman,&nbsp;<em>The Historian as Philosopher: Tocqueville, Democracy &amp; Revolution<\/em>, 31&nbsp;<u>History Today<\/u>&nbsp;27-31 (September 1981).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bryce, James Bryce, Viscount,&nbsp;<u>The predictions of Hamilton and De Tocqueville<\/u>&nbsp;(Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1887)(Johns Hopkins University studies in historical and political science ; 5th ser.; 9).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chamberlin, William Henry,&nbsp;<em>The Prophet de Tocqueville<\/em>, 10&nbsp;<u>Modern Age<\/u>&nbsp;52-58 (1966).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chambrun, Joseph Dominique Aldebert de Pineton,&nbsp;<u>Nos historiens: Guizot, Tocqueville, Thiers<\/u>&nbsp;(Paris: Calmann-Levy, 1888). 110 pages.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chambrun, Joseph Dominique Aldebert de Pineton,&nbsp;<u>Nos historiens: Guizot, Tocqueville, Thiers<\/u>&nbsp;(Paris: Calmann-Levy, 1888). Second edition. 110 pages.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Clive, John Leonard,&nbsp;<em>Looking over a four-leaf clover: a quartet of nineteenth-century historians<\/em>, in&nbsp;<u>Not by fact alone<\/u>&nbsp;166-188 (NY: Knopf, 1989).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Clive, John,&nbsp;<em>Looking Over a Four-Leaf Clover: A Quartet of Nineteenth-Century Historians<\/em>, 27&nbsp;<u>Critical Review<\/u>&nbsp;66-83 (1985).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Connell, Kathleen (Mother M. Stephen, R.S.H.M.),&nbsp;<u>Alexis De Tocqueville: Witness and commentator of Western Revolution<\/u>&nbsp;(Master&#8217;s thesis, St. John&#8217;s University, 1963).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Costantini, Robert,&nbsp;<em>L&#8217;image en France de l&#8217;\u00e9tat de New-York entre 1776 et 1861: Th\u00e8mes et sources<\/em>, 4(1)&nbsp;<u>French-American Review<\/u>&nbsp;36-41 (1980).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cox, Marvin R.,&nbsp;<em>Tocqueville&#8217;s Bourgeois Revolution<\/em>, 19(3)&nbsp;<u>Historical Reflections\/Reflexions historiques<\/u>&nbsp;279-307 (Fall 1993).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Damien, Roger,&nbsp;<em>Tocquevilles Reise in die Franzosische Revolution: Oder, eine kopernikanische Wende der politischen Wissenschaft<\/em>, 38(2\/3)&nbsp;<u>Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift der Ernest-Moritz-Arndt-Universit\u00e4t-Greifswald: Gesellschaftwissenschaftliche Reihe<\/u>&nbsp;35 (1989).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Deane, Seamus,&nbsp;<em>Burke and Tocqueville: New Worlds, New Beings,<\/em>&nbsp;31(1)&nbsp;<u>boundary2<\/u>&nbsp;1-23 (Spring 2004).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Delevall\u00e9e, Anne-Sophie,&nbsp;<u>Tocqueville et le processus democratique: une approche probabiliste de l&#8217;histoire<\/u>&nbsp;(Paris: 1985)(Memoire DEA: Philosophie du droit\/Paris 2; 1985).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Douthwaite, Julia V.,&nbsp;<em>The Uses of History in Tocqueville\u2019s&nbsp;<u>Souvenirs<\/u>&nbsp;and Flaubert\u2019s&nbsp;<u>L\u2019education sentimentale<\/u><\/em>&nbsp;4&nbsp;<u>RLA: Romance Languages Annual<\/u>&nbsp;40-46 (1992).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Drescher, Seymour Irving,&nbsp;<em>&#8220;Why Great Revolutions Will Become Rare&#8221;: Tocqueville&#8217;s Most Neglected Prognosis<\/em>, 64(3)&nbsp;<u>Journal of Modern History<\/u>&nbsp;429-454 (September 1992).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Drew, Stacey L.,&nbsp;<u>The Second Republic: a comparative analysis of the writings of Marx and Tocqueville concerning France, 1848-1852<\/u>&nbsp;(Bachelor&#8217;s thesis, Drew University, 1992).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Drolet, Michel,&nbsp;<em>Tocqueville Unveiled: The Historian and His Sources for the&nbsp;<u>Old Regime and the French Revolution<\/u><\/em>, 18(2)&nbsp;<u>French History<\/u>&nbsp;241-244 (2004).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Durr, Emil,&nbsp;<u>Die Demokratie in der Schweiz nach der Auffassung von Alexis<\/u>&nbsp;<u>Tocqueville<\/u>&nbsp;(Basel: S. n., 1925).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Estrada, Fernando, and Jos\u00e9 Daniel Parra,&nbsp;<em>Labyrinth of Modernity<\/em>,&nbsp;CUADERNOS DEL CIPE, Facultad de Finanzas, Gobierno y Relaciones Internacionales, 2009.&nbsp;<em>On the&nbsp;<u>Old Regime and the French Revolution<\/u><\/em><u>.&nbsp;<em>In Spanish.<\/em><\/u><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gannett, Robert Tileston,Jr.,&nbsp;<u>Tocqueville Unveiled: A Historian and Sources in&nbsp;<em>L&#8217;ancien regime<\/em><\/u>&nbsp;(Dissertation, University of Chicago, 1998).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gannett, Robert Tileston, Jr.,&nbsp;<u>Tocqueville Unveiled: The Historian and His Sources for&nbsp;<em>The Old Regime and the Revolution<\/em><\/u>&nbsp;(Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2003).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gargan, Edward T.,&nbsp;<em>The formation of Tocqueville&#8217;s historical thought<\/em>, 24(1)&nbsp;<u>Review of Politics<\/u>&nbsp;48-61 (January 1962).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gargan, Edward T.,&nbsp;<u>The formation of Tocqueville&#8217;s historical thought<\/u>&nbsp;(Notre Dame, IN? : University of Notre Dame Press? 1962).&nbsp;<em>Offprint of the article in&nbsp;<u>Review of Politics<\/u>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gargan, Edward T.,&nbsp;<em>Tocqueville and the problem of historical prognosis<\/em>, 68(2)&nbsp;<u>American Historical Review<\/u>&nbsp;332-345 (January 1963).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Grudzinska-Gross, Irena,&nbsp;<u>Pietno rewolucji: Custine, Tocqueville i wyobraznia romantyczna<\/u>&nbsp;(Warszawa: Wydawn. Naukowe PWN, 1995). Translation of&nbsp;<u>The Scar of Revolution<\/u>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Grudzinska-Gross, Irena,&nbsp;<u>The scar of revolution : Custine, Tocqueville, and the romantic imagination<\/u>&nbsp;(Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><u>Guizot, Tocqueville, Thiers<\/u>&nbsp;(2d ed.; Paris: Calmann Levy, 1888). Includes discussion of Tocqueville, Marie-Joseph-Louis-Adolphe Thiers, Fran\u00e7ois Guizot.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Harmon, Jonathan,&nbsp;<u>De la tyrannie en Am\u00e9rique: \u00e9tude des sources de l&#8217;interpr\u00e9tation pessimiste de l&#8217;oeuvre de Tocqueville dans les sciences sociales am\u00e9ricaines d&#8217;apr\u00e8s-guerre<\/u>&nbsp;(Master\u2019s thesis, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, 2008).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hochberg, Leonard J.,&nbsp;<em>Reconciling History With Sociology? Strategies of Inquiry in Tocqueville&#8217;s&nbsp;<u>Democracy in America<\/u>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<u>The Old Regime and the French Revolution<\/u>,&nbsp;<\/em>7&nbsp;<u>Journal of Classical Sociology<\/u>&nbsp;23-54 (2007).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hoeges, Dirk<em>, Alexis de Tocqueville&#8211;Literatur im Zeitalter der Gleichheit<\/em>, 1982&nbsp;<u>Siegener Hochschulbl\u00e4tter<\/u>&nbsp;44-55.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hoeges, Dirk,&nbsp;<em>Guizot und Tocqueville,&nbsp;<\/em>218(2)&nbsp;<u>Historische Zeitschrift<\/u>&nbsp;338-353 (1974).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hoeges, Dirk<em>, Der vergessene Rest. Tocqueville, Chateaubriand und der Subjektwechsel in der franz\u00f6sischen Geschichtsschreibung<\/em>, 238&nbsp;<u>Historische Zeitschrift<\/u>&nbsp;287-310 (1984).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kahan, Alan Sidney,&nbsp;<em>Tocqueville&#8217;s two revolutions<\/em>, 46(4)&nbsp;<u>Journal of the History of Ideas<\/u>&nbsp;585-597 (1989).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kale, Steven D.,&nbsp;<em>Who was responsible for the centralized state? The Legitimists and Tocqueville&#8217;s Ancien R\u00e9gime<\/em>, 16&nbsp;<u>Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Western Society for French History<\/u>&nbsp;266-275 (1989). Commentary by Ted W. Margadant.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kraynak, Robert P.,&nbsp;<em>Alexis de Tocqueville on divine providence and historical progress<\/em>, in&nbsp;<u>Political philosophy and the human soul: essays in memory of Allan Bloom<\/u>&nbsp;(Lanham, MD: Rowman &amp; Littlefield Publishers, 1995).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Larat, P.,&nbsp;<u>Les historiens du XIXe Siecle<\/u>&nbsp;(Paris: Foucher, 1946&#8211;)(Expliquez-moi; Collection &#8220;Litt\u00e9rature). Includes section on Tocqueville.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lavroff, Dmitri Georges,&nbsp;<em>Les revolutions americaine et fran\u00e7aise dans l&#8217;oeuvre de Tocqueville<\/em>, 9&nbsp;<u>Tocqueville Review<\/u>&nbsp;5-13 (1987\/1988). &#8220;The American and French revolutions in Tocqueville&#8217;s work.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lawler, Peter Augustine,&nbsp;<em>Tocqueville on Socialism and History<\/em>, 21(2)&nbsp;<u>Interpretation: A Journal of Political Philosophy<\/u>&nbsp;181 (Winter 1994).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lawyer, John E., Jr.,&nbsp;<em>Tocqueville on the Religious Foundations of Democracy<\/em>, 42(4)&nbsp;<u>American Benedictine Review<\/u>&nbsp;418 (December 1991).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lieva, Raul,&nbsp;<em>La revolucion francesa y sus hombres de letras<\/em>, 192&nbsp;<u>Cuadernos Americanos<\/u>&nbsp;127-156 (1974).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Linares, Filadelfo,&nbsp;<u>Die Revolution bei Tocqueville und Marx<\/u>&nbsp;(Percha am Starnberger See: R. S. Schulz, 1977).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Maza, Sarah,&nbsp;<em>Politics, Culture and the Origins of the French Revolution<\/em>, 61(4)&nbsp;<u>Journal of Modern History<\/u>&nbsp;704-723 (December 1989).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mellon, Stanley,&nbsp;<u>Tocqueville as historian of the French Revolution<\/u>&nbsp;(Albany, NY: State University, 1989).&nbsp;<em>Lecture given March 9, 1989: ninth annual Phi Alpha Theta Distinguished Lecture on History at the University at SUNY&#8211;Albany.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Melonio, Fran\u00e7oise,&nbsp;<em>De Tocqueville \u00e0 Taine<\/em>, 258&nbsp;<u>Magazine Litt\u00e9raire<\/u>, 59-61 (October 1988).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mitchell, Harvey,&nbsp;<u>Individual choice and the structures of history: Alexis de Tocqueville as historian reappraised<\/u>&nbsp;(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ndzimba-Ganyanad, Y.,&nbsp;<u>Anthropologie historique d\u2019Alexis de Tocqueville<\/u>&nbsp;(Dissertation, Universit\u00e9 de Picardie, 1997).<\/p>\n<p>Orr, Linda,&nbsp;<em>French romantic histories of the Revolution: Michelet, Blanc, Tocqueville&#8211;A Narrative<\/em>, 1989&nbsp;<u>Eighteenth Century: Theory and Interpretation<\/u>&nbsp;123-142 (Special issue).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Orr, Linda,&nbsp;<u>Headless History<\/u>&nbsp;(Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1990).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Orr, Linda,&nbsp;<em>Stael, Michelet and Tocqueville<\/em>, in&nbsp;<u>A New Philosophy of History<\/u>&nbsp;(Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1995).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Orr, Linda,&nbsp;<em>Tocqueville et l&#8217;histoire incomprehensible:&nbsp;<u>L&#8217;Ancien Regime et la Revolution<\/u><\/em>, 29(49)&nbsp;<u>Poetique<\/u>&nbsp;51 (February 1982). Translated by Gilles Declercq.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Palmer, Robert Roswell,&nbsp;<em>The two Tocquevilles and two kinds of history<\/em>, 131(4)&nbsp;<u>Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society<\/u>&nbsp;341-347 (1987).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Palmer, Robert Roswell,&nbsp;<em>The two Tocquevilles on France and America<\/em>, 12(34)&nbsp;<u>Revue Fran\u00e7aise d&#8217;\u00c9tudes Am\u00e9ricaines<\/u>&nbsp;565-576 (1987).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Petrequin, Paul,&nbsp;<u>Friedrich Nietzsche and Alexis De Tocqueville on the possibility<\/u>&nbsp;<u>of history<\/u>&nbsp;(Dissertation, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1997).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pitts, Jennifer,&nbsp;<u><a href=\"http:\/\/fsi.stanford.edu\/events\/republicanism_liberalism_and_empire_in_postrevolutionary_france\"><em>Republicanism, Liberalism, and Empire in Post-Revolutionary France,<\/em>&nbsp;Paper delivered May 22, 2009, Stanford University.<\/a><\/u><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pozzi, Regina,&nbsp;<em>Tocqueville e la storia (non scritta) della Rivoluzione francese<\/em>, 41&nbsp;<u>Storia della Storiografia<\/u>, 20-44 (2002).&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pozzi, Regina,&nbsp;<em>Tocqueville e la storia (non scritta) della rivoluzione francese<\/em>, 7&nbsp;<u>Cromohs<\/u>, 1-19 (2002).&nbsp;&nbsp;<br \/>\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Secretan, Philibert,&nbsp;<em>Alexis de Tocqueville: Pronostic et proph<\/em><em>\u00e8tie<\/em>, 34(2)&nbsp;<u>Esprit<\/u>&nbsp;246-258 (1966).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Spears, Monroe Kirklyndorf,&nbsp;<u>Countries of the mind: literary explorations<\/u>&nbsp;(Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1992). Includes&nbsp;<em>Tocqueville in 1989<\/em>, at 39-51.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Taylor, Joan,&nbsp;<em>Alexis de Tocqueville<\/em>, in&nbsp;<u>The Historian at Work<\/u>&nbsp;(John Cannon, London: Boston, Allen &amp; Unwin, 1980).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Winthrop, Delba,&nbsp;<em>Tocqueville\u2019s \u201cOld Regime:\u201d Political History,<\/em>&nbsp;43(1)&nbsp;<u>The Review of Politics<\/u>&nbsp;88-111 (Jan. 1981).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Woito, Robert Severin,&nbsp;<u>Types of historical inevitability: a study of the contextual judgements of Thucydides, Tocqueville, Engels, and Acton<\/u>&nbsp;(Dissertation, University of California, Berkeley, 1975).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zetterbaum, Marvin,&nbsp;<em>Tocqueville: Neutrality and the Use of History,<\/em>&nbsp;58(3)&nbsp;<u>The American Political Science Review<\/u>&nbsp;611-621 (Sept. 1964).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zunz, Oliver,&nbsp;<em>Tocqueville and the Writing of American History in the Twentieth Century: A Comment,<\/em>&nbsp;7 Tocqueville Review 131-135 (1985\/1986).<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"twitter-share\"><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?via=HedgehogsFoxes\" class=\"twitter-share-button\">Tweet<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Back to the Table of Contents Historical Thought and Philosophy of History &nbsp; The regime which is destroyed by a revolution is almost always an improvement on its immediate predecessor, and experience teaches that&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1794","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/PasVL2-sW","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hedgehogsandfoxes.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1794","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hedgehogsandfoxes.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hedgehogsandfoxes.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hedgehogsandfoxes.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hedgehogsandfoxes.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1794"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/hedgehogsandfoxes.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1794\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1999,"href":"https:\/\/hedgehogsandfoxes.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1794\/revisions\/1999"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hedgehogsandfoxes.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1794"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}