{"id":5849,"date":"2023-01-23T21:59:46","date_gmt":"2023-01-24T02:59:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hedgehogsandfoxes.org\/?p=5849"},"modified":"2023-01-23T21:59:46","modified_gmt":"2023-01-24T02:59:46","slug":"redburn-on-before-equal-protection-the-fall-of-cross-dressing-bans-and-the-transgender-legal-movement-1963-86-k_redburn-law_history","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hedgehogsandfoxes.org\/index.php\/2023\/01\/23\/redburn-on-before-equal-protection-the-fall-of-cross-dressing-bans-and-the-transgender-legal-movement-1963-86-k_redburn-law_history\/","title":{"rendered":"Redburn on Before Equal Protection: The Fall of Cross-Dressing Bans and the Transgender Legal Movement, 1963-86 @k_redburn @Law_History"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Kate Redburn, Columbia Law School; Yale University, Faculty of Arts &amp; Sciences, Department of History, has published <a href=\"https:\/\/papers.ssrn.com\/sol3\/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4318644&amp;dgcid=ejournal_htmlemail_legal:history:ejournal_abstractlink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Before Equal Protection: The Fall of Cross-Dressing Bans and the Transgender Legal Movement, 1963\u201386<\/a> at 41 Law &amp; History 1 (2023).<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Scholars are still unsure why American cities passed cross-dressing bans over the closing decades of the nineteenth century. By the 1960s, cities in every region of the United States had cross-dressing regulations, from major metropolitan centers to small cities and towns. They were used to criminalize gender non-conformity in many forms &#8211; for feminists, countercultural hippies, cross-dressers (or \u201ctransvestites\u201d), and people we would now consider transgender. Starting in the late 1960s, however, criminal defendants began to topple cross-dressing bans.<\/p>\n<p>The story of their success invites a re-assessment of the contemporary LGBT movement\u2019s legal history. This article argues that a trans legal movement developed separately but in tandem with constitutional claims on behalf of gays and lesbians. In some cases, gender outlaws attempted to defend the right to cross-dress without asking courts to understand or adjudicate their gender. These efforts met with mixed success: courts began to recognize their constitutional rights, but litigation also limited which gender outlaws could qualify as trans legal subjects. Examining their legal strategies offers a window into the messy process of translating gender non-conforming experiences and subjectivities into something that courts could understand. Transgender had to be analytically separated from gay and lesbian in life and law before it could be reattached as a distinct minority group.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Download the article from SSRN at the link.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"twitter-share\"><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?via=HedgehogsFoxes\" class=\"twitter-share-button\">Tweet<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kate Redburn, Columbia Law School; Yale University, Faculty of Arts &amp; Sciences, Department of History, has published Before Equal Protection: The Fall of Cross-Dressing Bans and the Transgender Legal Movement, 1963\u201386 at 41 Law&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[198],"tags":[695,763,132],"class_list":["post-5849","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-law-and-history","tag-law-and-gender","tag-law-and-history","tag-news"],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pasVL2-1wl","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hedgehogsandfoxes.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5849","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hedgehogsandfoxes.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hedgehogsandfoxes.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hedgehogsandfoxes.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hedgehogsandfoxes.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5849"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/hedgehogsandfoxes.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5849\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5850,"href":"https:\/\/hedgehogsandfoxes.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5849\/revisions\/5850"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hedgehogsandfoxes.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5849"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hedgehogsandfoxes.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5849"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hedgehogsandfoxes.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5849"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}